Like Jan, I would listen to the next-of-kin, document carefully, and call Risk Management. I think most hospitals would want to know this is going on. Joining the soapbox, many Jehovah's Witnesses who DO carry their DPA select 'C' - saying in effect, "You have to talk to me before you give me anything..." Do those who select 'C' realize we can't give them anything that involves a conscience matter until they or their proxy agrees? Do they realize the luxury of time is not always available in a true emergency? At best they are left with making decisions under a lot of pressure with no time to study or pray about their choices. And that is only the Witnesses population! Non-JW refusers have no idea about any alternatives. We have to educate them from scratch in an emergency! Very frustrating!